How Much Does an Electric Car Cost Per Mile in the UK?

As electric vehicles (EVs) gain popularity in the UK, many prospective buyers are interested in understanding the cost implications of driving an EV, particularly the cost per mile. Here we have provided an in-depth analysis of the various factors that influence the cost per mile of driving an electric car in the UK, helping you make an informed decision about transitioning to electric mobility.

Key Factors Influencing Cost Per Mile

1  Electricity Costs

The primary factor influencing the cost per mile for an electric car is the cost of electricity. In the UK, electricity prices can vary based on your location, the time of day, and your energy tariff. On average, the cost of electricity for domestic use is around £0.30 per kilowatt-hour (kWh).

2  Energy Efficiency of the Vehicle

The efficiency of an electric car is measured in miles per kilowatt-hour (miles/kWh). Most modern EVs in the UK have an efficiency rating between 3 to 4 miles/kWh. Higher efficiency means more miles per unit of electricity, reducing the cost per mile.

3  Charging Efficiency

Not all the electricity drawn from the grid is stored in the car's battery. Some energy is lost during the charging process. Typically, charging efficiency ranges from 85% to 95%. This means that if you draw 100 kWh from the grid, only 85 to 95 kWh may be used by the car.

4  Maintenance and Other Costs

Electric vehicles generally have lower maintenance costs compared to petrol or diesel cars due to fewer moving parts and no oil changes. However, the cost per mile also includes expenses like tyre replacements, brake maintenance (though less frequent due to regenerative braking), and other wear-and-tear items.

Calculating the Cost Per Mile

To calculate the cost per mile for an electric car in the UK, follow these steps:

1  Determine the Cost of Electricity Per kWh

Average UK electricity cost: £0.30 per kWh

2  Calculate the Effective Cost Considering Charging Efficiency

If your charging efficiency is 90%, then the effective cost per kWh is:

Effective cost per kWh= £0.30/0.90 = £0.333

3  Find the Vehicle’s Efficiency

Assume an EV with an efficiency of 3.5 miles/kWh.

4  Calculate the Cost Per Mile

Using the effective cost per kWh and the vehicle’s efficiency:

Cost per mile= £0.333/3.5 = £0.095

Therefore, the cost per mile for this example EV is approximately 9.5 pence.

Additional Considerations

Time-of-Use Tariffs

Electricity costs can vary depending on the time of day. Many energy providers in the UK offer time-of-use tariffs, with lower rates during off-peak hours. Charging your EV during these times can significantly reduce the cost per mile.

Home vs. Public Charging

Charging at home is generally cheaper than using public charging stations. However, for long trips, public chargers, especially rapid chargers, might be necessary and typically cost more per kWh. Rapid charging rates can be around £0.40 to £0.70 per kWh.

Battery Degradation

Over time, an EV's battery may lose efficiency, slightly increasing the cost per mile. Regular maintenance and proper charging habits can help mitigate this issue.

Renewable Energy Options

Opting for green energy tariffs that provide electricity from renewable sources can be an environmentally friendly choice and can sometimes offer competitive rates.

Conclusion

The cost per mile of driving an electric car in the UK depends on various factors, including electricity prices, vehicle efficiency, and charging practices. On average, the cost ranges between 8 to 10 pence per mile, making EVs a cost-effective option compared to petrol or diesel vehicles. By considering these factors, potential EV owners can better understand the long-term financial benefits and make an informed decision about transitioning to electric driving.